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21.4.2012 Official
Journal
of
the
European
Union L
109/1
II
(Non-legislative acts)
REGULATIONS
COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 347/2012
of 16 April 2012
implementing Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with
respect to type-approval requirements for certain categories of motor vehicles with regard to
advanced emergency braking systems
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
(5)
An analysis of cost/benefits and of technical and safety
aspects has demonstrated that more lead time will be
necessary before wide ranging requirements for AEBS
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European
can be applied to all types of vehicle of categories M
Union,
2 ,
M 3 , N 2 and N 3 . In particular attention has to be given to
the braking technology and rear axle suspension system
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European
used on those vehicles when specifying detailed rules
Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 concerning type-
concerning the specific test and technical requirements
approval requirements for the general safety of motor vehicles,
for the type-approval of those vehicles with regard to
their trailers and systems, components and separate technical
their AEBS. It is therefore appropriate to implement
units intended therefor (
those requirements in two stages, starting with an

1 ), and in particular Article 14(1)(a) and
Article 14(3)(a) thereof,
approval level 1, which contains appropriate collision
warning and emergency braking requirements for types
of vehicle of categories M 3 and N 3 as well as types of
Whereas:
vehicle of category N 2 with a maximum mass exceeding
8 tonnes, provided that these types of vehicle are
equipped with pneumatic or air-over-hydraulic braking
(1) Regulation
(EC)
No
661/2009
is
a
separate
Regulation
systems and with pneumatic rear axle suspension
for the purposes of the type-approval procedure provided
systems. Those requirements should be further extended
for by Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament
and complemented in a second stage, through an
and of the Council of 5 September 2007 establishing a
approval level 2, to also apply to types of vehicle with
framework for the approval of motor vehicles and their
hydraulic braking systems and non-pneumatic rear axle
trailers, and of systems, components and separate
suspension systems and to include types of vehicle of
technical units intended for such vehicles (Framework
category M
Directive) (
2 and of category N 2 with a maximum mass

2 ).
not exceeding 8 tonnes. The timing for implementing the
approval level 2 should provide sufficient lead time for
gaining further experience with those systems and enable
(2) Regulation
(EC)
No
661/2009
lays
down
basic
requirements for the type-approval of motor vehicles of
further technical developments in this field, as well as for
categories M
the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

2 , M 3 , N 2 and N 3 with regard to the instal
lation of advanced emergency braking systems (AEBS). It
(UNECE) to adopt international harmonised performance
is necessary to set out the specific procedures, tests and
and test requirements for the types of vehicle of the
requirements for such type-approval.
categories concerned. Therefore, no later than two years

before the implementation date for the approval level 2,
the Commission shall adopt the warning and braking
(3) Regulation
(EC)
No
661/2009
lays
down
a
general
activation test criteria for types of vehicle of category
obligation for vehicles of categories M
M
2 , M 3 , N 2 and N 3
2 and of category N 2 with a maximum mass not
to be equipped with an AEBS.
exceeding 8 tonnes, taking into consideration the
further developments at UNECE level on this issue.
(4) Regulation
(EC)
No
661/2009
provides
that
the
Commission may adopt measures exempting certain
vehicles or classes of vehicles of categories M 2 , M 3 , N 2
and N 3 from the obligation to install AEBS under certain
(6) The
cost/benefit
analysis
has
also
demonstrated
that
the
conditions.
mandatory application of AEBS would generate more
costs than benefits and proves therefore not to be appro
( 1 ) OJ L 200, 31.7.2009, p. 1.
priate for the following classes of vehicles: category N 2
( 2 ) OJ L 263, 9.10.2007, p. 1.
semi-trailer towing vehicles with a maximum mass

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L 109/2
EN
Official Journal of the European Union
21.4.2012
exceeding 3,5 tonnes but not exceeding 8 tonnes,
(2) ‘subject vehicle’ means the vehicle being tested;
categories M 2 and M 3 vehicles of Class A, Class I and
Class II, and articulated buses of category M 3 of Class A,
(3) ‘target’ means a high volume series production passenger
Class I and Class II. In addition, technical and physical
car of category M 1 AA saloon as defined in point 1 of
constraints make it impossible to install the collision
Section C of Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC or, in the
detection equipment in a way that would ensure their
case of a soft target, an object representative of such a
reliable functioning on certain special purpose vehicles,
vehicle in terms of its detection characteristics applicable
off-road vehicles and vehicles with more than three axles.
to the sensor system of the AEBS under test;
Vehicles of those categories should therefore be
exempted from the obligation to install AEBS.
(4) ‘soft target’ means a target that will suffer minimum
damage and cause minimum damage to the subject
(7) The
measures
provided
for
in
this
Regulation
are
in
vehicle in the event of a collision;
accordance with the opinion of the Technical
Committee — Motor Vehicles,
(5) ‘moving target’ means a target travelling at a constant
speed in the same direction and in the centre of the
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
same lane of travel as the subject vehicle;
Article 1
(6) ‘stationary target’ means a target at standstill facing the
same direction and positioned on the centre of the same
Scope
test lane of travel as the subject vehicle;
This Regulation applies to motor vehicles of categories M 2 , M 3 ,
N
(7) ‘collision warning phase’ means the phase directly
2 and N 3 , as defined in Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC,
with the exception of the following:
preceding the emergency braking phase, during which
the AEBS warns the driver of a potential forward collision;
(1) semi-trailer towing vehicles of category N 2 with a maximum
mass exceeding 3,5 but not exceeding 8 tonnes;
(8) ‘emergency braking phase’ means the phase starting when
the AEBS emits a braking demand for at least 4 m/s 2
(2) categories M
deceleration to the service braking system of the vehicle;

2 and M 3 vehicles of Class A, Class I and
Class II;
(9) ‘common space’ means an area on which two or more
information functions may be displayed, but not simulta
(3) category M 3 articulated buses of Class A, Class I and
neously;
Class II;
(10) ‘self-check’ means an integrated function that checks for a
(4) off-road vehicles of categories M 2 , M 3 , N 2 and N 3 as
system failure on a semi-continuous basis at least while the
referred to in points 4.2 and 4.3 of Part A of Annex II
system is active;
to Directive 2007/46/EC;
(11) ‘time to collision (TTC)’ means the value of time obtained
(5) special purpose vehicles of categories M 2 , M 3 , N 2 and N 3 as
by dividing the distance between the subject vehicle and
referred to in point 5 of Part A of Annex II to Directive
the target by the relative speed of the subject vehicle and
2007/46/EC;
the target, at an instant in time.
(6) vehicles of categories M 2 , M 3 , N 2 and N 3 with more than
Article 3
three axles.
Obligations of the Member States
Article 2
1. With
effect
from
1
November
2013,
national
authorities
Definitions
shall refuse, on grounds relating to the AEBS, to grant EC type-
approval or national type-approval in respect of new types of
For the purposes of this Regulation, the definitions laid down in
vehicle which do not comply with the requirements set out in
Directive 2007/46/EC and in Regulation (EC) No 661/2009
Annexes II and III, with the exception of the approval level 2
shall apply.
requirements in Annex II and the pass/fail criteria set out in
Appendix 2 to that Annex and with the exception of vehicles
In addition, the following definitions shall apply:
not equipped with pneumatic rear axle suspension.
(1) ‘type of vehicle with regard to its advanced emergency
2. With
effect
from
1
November
2015,
national
authorities
braking system’ (AEBS) means a category of vehicles
shall, on grounds relating to the AEBS, consider certificates of
which do not differ in essential respects, including as to:
conformity in respect of new vehicles to be no longer valid for
the purposes of Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC, and
prohibit the registration, sale and entry into service of such
(a) the manufacturer’s trade name or trade mark;
vehicles, where such vehicles do not comply with the
requirements set out in Annexes II and III, with the exception
(b) vehicle features which significantly influence the
of the approval level 2 requirements in Annex II and the
performances of the AEBS;
pass/fail criteria set out in Appendix 2 to that Annex and
with the exception of vehicles not equipped with pneumatic
(c) the type and design of the AEBS;
rear axle suspension.

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EN
21.4.2012 Official
Journal
of
the
European
Union L
109/3
3. With
effect
from
1
November
2016
national
authorities
Article 4
shall refuse, on grounds relating to the AEBS, to grant EC type-
approval or national type-approval in respect of new types of
EC type-approval of a type of vehicle with regard to AEBS
vehicle which do not comply with the requirements set out in
1. The
manufacturer
or
the
manufacturer’s
representative
Annexes II and III, including the approval level 2 requirements
shall submit to the approval authority the application for EC
in Annex II and the pass/fail criteria set out Appendix 2 to that
type-approval of a type of vehicle with regard to AEBS.
Annex.
2. The
application
shall
be
drawn
up
in
accordance
with
the model of the information document set out in Part 1 of
4. With
effect
from
1
November
2018,
national
authorities Annex I.
shall, on grounds relating to the AEBS, consider certificates of
conformity in respect of new vehicles to be no longer valid for
3. If the relevant requirements set out in Annex II to this
the purposes of Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC, and
Regulation are met, the approval authority shall grant an EC
prohibit the registration, sale and entry into service of such
type-approval and issue a type-approval number in accordance
vehicles, where such vehicles do not comply with the
with the numbering system set out in Annex VII to Directive
requirements set out in Annexes II and III, including the
2007/46/EC.
approval level 2 requirements in Annex II and the pass/fail
criteria set out in Appendix 2 to that Annex.
An approval authority may not assign the same number to
another type of vehicle.
5. Without
prejudice
to
paragraphs
1
to
4,
national
auth
4. For
the
purposes
of
paragraph
3,
the
approval
authority
orities may not, on grounds relating to the AEBS:
shall deliver an EC type-approval certificate established in
accordance with the model set out in Part 2 of Annex I.
(a) refuse to grant EC type-approval or national type-approval
Article 5
for a new type of vehicle where that vehicle complies with
Amendment to Appendix 2 of Annex II
Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 and this Regulation;
By 31 December 2014 the Commission shall amend Appendix
2 of Annex II in order to include the pass/fail values for the
(b) prohibit the registration, sale or entry into service of a new
warning and activation test requirements which types of
vehicle where that vehicle complies with Regulation (EC) No
vehicles of category M 2 and of category N 2 with a maximum
661/2009 and this Regulation;
mass not exceeding 8 tonnes will have to comply with for
approval level 2.
(c) grant EC type-approval or national type-approval according
Article 6
to approval level 2 for a new type of vehicle of category M 2
Entry into force
and of category N 2 with a maximum mass not exceeding 8
tonnes, until the pass/fail values for the warning and
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day
activation test requirements have been specified in
following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the
accordance with Article 5.
European Union.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels, 16 April 2012.
For the Commission
The President
José Manuel BARROSO

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L 109/4
EN
Official Journal of the European Union
21.4.2012
ANNEX I
Standard information document and EC type-approval certificate for the type-approval of motor vehicles with
regard to AEBS
PART 1
Information document
MODEL
Information document No … relating to the EC type-approval of a type of vehicle with regard to advanced emergency
braking systems (AEBS).
The following information shall be supplied in triplicate and include a list of contents. Any drawings shall be supplied in
appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 or on a folder of A4 format. Photographs, if any, shall show sufficient
detail.
If the systems, components or separate technical units referred to in Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 347/2012 have
electronic controls, information concerning their performance shall be supplied.
0. GENERAL
0.1. Make
(trade
name
of
manufacturer):
..........................................................................................................................................
0.2. Type:
......................................................................................................................................................................
...............................
0.2.0.1. Chassis:
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
.
0.2.0.2. Bodywork/complete
vehicle:
..........................................................................................................................................................
0.2.1. Commercial
name(s)
(if
available):
................................................................................................
...............................................
0.3.
Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle ( b ): ...........................................................................................
0.3.0.1. Chassis:
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
.
0.3.0.2. Bodywork/complete
vehicle:
..........................................................................................................................................................
0.3.1. Location
of
that
marking:
................................................................................................
..............................................................
0.3.1.1. Chassis:
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
.
0.3.1.2. Bodywork/complete
vehicle:
..........................................................................................................................................................
0.4. Category
of
vehicle
( c ): ................................................................................................
.....................................................................
0.5. Name
and
address
of
manufacturer:
...........................................................................................................................................
0.6.
Location and method of attachment of statutory plates and location of vehicle identification number: ...........
0.6.1. On
the
chassis:
...........................................................................................
.......................................................................................
0.6.2. On
the
bodywork:
............................................................................................................................................................................
0.8. Name(s)
and
address(es)
of
assembly
plant(s)
0.9. Name
and
address
of
the
manufacturer’s
representative
(if
any):
.....................................................................................
1. GENERAL
CONSTRUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
VEHICLE
1.1. Photographs
and/or
drawings
of
a
representative
vehicle:
...........................................................................................
.......
1.2. Dimensional
drawing
of
the
whole
vehicle:
................................................................................................
............................
1.3. Number
of
axles
and
wheels:
.......................................................................................................................................................
1.3.1. Number
and
position
of
axles
with
twin
wheels:
..................................................................................................................
1.3.2. Number
and
position
of
steered
axles:
................................................................................................
......................................
1.3.3. Powered
axles
(number,
position,
interconnection):
................................................................................................
..............

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EN
21.4.2012 Official
Journal
of
the
European
Union L
109/5
2. MASSES
AND
DIMENSIONS
( f ) ( g )
(in kg and mm) (Refer to drawing where applicable)
2.1. Wheelbase(s)
(fully
loaded)
( g1 )
2.1.1. Two
axle
vehicles:
................................................................................................................................................................
.............
2.1.1.1. Vehicles
with
three
or
more
axles
2.3. Axle
track(s)
and
width(s)
2.3.1. Track
of
each
steered
axle
( g4 ): ................................................................................................
.....................................................
2.3.2. Track
of
all
other
axles
( g4 ): ................................................................................................
...........................................................
2.3.4.
Width of the foremost axle (measured at the outermost part of the tyres excluding the bulging of the tyres
close to the ground): ................................................................................................
.......................................................................
2.4. Range
of
vehicle
dimensions
(overall)
2.4.1. For
chassis
without
bodywork
2.4.1.1. Length
( g5 ): ................................................................................................
...........................................................................................
2.4.1.1.1. Maximum permissible length: .......................................................................................................................................................
2.4.1.1.2. Minimum permissible length: .......................................................................................................................................................
2.4.1.2. Width
( g7 ): ................................................................................................................................................................
............................
2.4.1.2.1. Maximum permissible width: ................................................................................................
........................................................
2.4.1.2.2. Minimum permissible width: ................................................................................................
........................................................
2.4.2. For
chassis
with
bodywork
2.4.2.1. Length
( g5 ): ................................................................................................
...........................................................................................
2.4.2.1.1. Length of the loading area: ................................................................................................
...........................................................
2.4.2.2. Width
( g7 ): ................................................................................................................................................................
............................
2.4.3. For
bodywork
approved
without
chassis
(vehicles
M 2 and M 3 )
2.4.3.1. Length
( g5 ): ................................................................................................
...........................................................................................
2.4.3.2. Width
( g7 ): ................................................................................................................................................................
............................
2.6. Mass
in
running
order
Mass of the vehicle with bodywork and, in the case of a towing vehicle of category other than M 1 , with
coupling device, if fitted by the manufacturer, in running order, or mass of the chassis or chassis with cab,
without bodywork and/or coupling device if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling
device (including liquids, tools, spare wheel, if fitted, and driver and, for buses and coaches, a crew member if
there is a crew seat in the vehicle) ( h ) (maximum and minimum for each variant): .................................................
4.7. Maximum
vehicle
design
speed
(in
km/h)
( q ): ................................................................................................
..........................
8. BRAKES
(The following particulars, including means of identification, where applicable, are to be given)
8.1.
Type and characteristics of the brakes as defined in point 1.6 of Annex I to Council Directive 71/320/EEC ( 1 )
including details and drawings of the drums, discs, hoses make and type of shoe/pad assemblies and/or linings,
effective braking areas, radius of drums, shoes or discs, mass of drums, adjustment devices, relevant parts of the
axle(s) and suspension: ................................................................................................
....................................................................
8.2.
Operating diagram, description and/or drawing of the braking system described in point 1.2 of Annex I to
Directive 71/320/EEC including details and drawings of the transmission and controls: ........................................
( 1 ) OJ L 202, 6.9.1971, p. 37.

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L 109/6
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Official Journal of the European Union
21.4.2012
8.2.1. Service
braking
system:
...................................................................................................................................................................
8.2.2. Secondary
braking
system:
.............................................................................................................................................................
8.2.4. Any
additional
braking
system:
....................................................................................................................................................
8.3. Control
and
transmission
of
trailer
braking
systems
in
vehicles
designed
to
tow
a
trailer:
...................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................
8.4. Vehicle
is
equipped
to
tow
a
trailer
with
electric/pneumatic/hydraulic
(*)
service
brakes:
yes/no
(*)
8.5. Anti-lock
braking
system
8.5.1. description
of
system
operation
(including
any
electronic
parts),
electric
block
diagram,
hydraulic
or
pneumatic
circuit plan: ................................................................................................................................................................
.........................
8.6.
Calculation and curves according to the Appendix to point 1.1.4.2 of the Appendix to Annex II to Directive
71/320/EEC or to the Appendix to Annex XI thereto, if applicable: .............................................................................
8.7. Description
and/or
drawing
of
the
energy
supply,
also
to
be
specified
for
power-assisted
braking
systems: ................................................................................................
................................................................................................
8.7.1.
In the case of compressed-air braking systems, working pressure p2 in the pressure reservoir(s): ......................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................
8.7.2.
In the case of vacuum braking systems, the initial energy level in the reservoir(s): .................................................
13. SPECIAL
PROVISIONS
FOR
BUSES
AND
COACHES
13.1. Class
of
vehicle:
Class
III/Class
B
(*)
Explanatory notes
(*) Delete where not applicable (there are cases where nothing needs to be deleted when more than one entry is
applicable).
( b ) If the means of identification of type contains characters not relevant to describe the vehicle, component or separate
technical unit types covered by this information document, such characters shall be represented in the documentation
by the symbol ‘?’ (e.g. ABC??123??).
( c ) Classified according to the definitions set out in Part A of Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 263, 9.10.2007, p. 1).
( f ) Where there is one version with a normal cab and another with a sleeper cab, both sets of masses and dimensions
are to be stated.
( g ) Standard ISO 612: 1978 — Road vehicles — Dimensions of motor vehicles and towed vehicles — terms and
definitions.
( g1 ) Motor vehicle and drawbar trailer: term No 6.4.1.
Semi-trailer and centre-axle trailer: term No 6.4.2.
Note
In the case of a centre-axle trailer, the axis of the coupling shall be considered as the foremost axle.
( g4 ) Term No 6.5.
( g5 ) Term No 6.1 and for vehicles other than those of category M 1 : point 2.4.1 of Annex I to Directive 97/27/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 233, 25.8.1997, p. 1).
In the case of trailers, the lengths shall be specified as mentioned in term No 6.1.2 of Standard ISO 612: 1978.
( g7 ) Term No 6.2 and for vehicles other than those of category M 1 : point 2.4.2 of Annex I to Directive 97/27/EC.
( h ) The mass of the driver and, if applicable, of the crew member is assessed at 75 kg (subdivided into 68 kg occupant
mass and 7 kg luggage mass according to ISO Standard 2416: 1992), the fuel tank is filled to 90 % and the other
liquid containing systems (except those for used water) to 100 % of the capacity specified by the manufacturer.
( q ) With respect to trailers, maximum speed permitted by the manufacturer.

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EN
21.4.2012 Official
Journal
of
the
European
Union L
109/7
PART 2
MODEL
(maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm))
EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE
Stamp of type-approval authority
Communication concerning:
— EC type-approval ( 1 )
— Extension of EC type-approval ( 1 )
— Refusal of EC type-approval ( 1 )
— Withdrawal of EC type-approval ( 1 )
of a type of vehicle with regard to advanced emergency braking systems (AEBS)
with regard to Commission Regulation (EU) No 347/2012 as amended and complying with approval level 1 ( 1 )/approval
level 2 ( 1 )
EC type-approval Number: _____________
Reason for extension:
SECTION I
0.1. Make
(trade
name
of
manufacturer):
0.2. Type:
0.2.1. Commercial name(s) (if available)
0.3. Means of identification of type if marked on the vehicle ( 2 )
0.3.1. Location of that marking:
0.4. Category
of
vehicle
( 3 ):
0.5. Name
and
address
of
manufacturer:
0.8. Names
and
address(es)
of
assembly
plant(s):
0.9. Representative
of
the
manufacturer
SECTION II
1. Additional information (where applicable): See Addendum
2. Technical service responsible for carrying out the tests:
3. Date of test report:
4. Number of test report:
5. Remarks (if any): See Addendum
6. Place:
7. Date:
8. Signature:
Attachments: Information package.
Test report.
( 1 ) Delete where not applicable.
( 2 ) If the means of identification of type contains characters not relevant to describe the vehicle, component or separate technical unit
types covered by this information, such characters shall be represented in the documentation by the symbol ‘?’ (e.g. ABC??123??).
( 3 ) As defined in Section A of Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC.

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L 109/8
EN
Official Journal of the European Union
21.4.2012
Addendum
to EC type-approval certificate No …
1. Additional
information
1.1. Brief description of the advanced emergency braking system (AEBS) fitted to the vehicle:
4.
Test results according to Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 347/2012
4.1. Details that enable to identify and reproduce the targets used for the testing
4.2. List of positive actions resulting in the interruption of the collision warning phase
4.3. List of positive actions resulting in the interruption of the emergency braking phase
4.4. Description of the warning indication and the sequence in which the collision warning signals are presented to the
driver
4.5. Mass
and
condition
of
load
of
the
vehicle
when
tested
4.6. Details
which
enable
the
test
targets
to
be
specifically
identified
4.7. Result
of
the
warning
and
activation
test
with
a
stationary
target
4.8. Results
of
the
warning
and
activation
test
with
a
moving
target
4.9. Results
of
the
failure
detection
test
4.10. Results of the deactivation test (only if the vehicle is equipped with means to deactivate the emergency braking
system)
4.11. Results of the false reaction test
4.12. The type of vehicle with its advanced emergency braking system (AEBS) complies with the approval level 1
requirements set out in Appendix 1 to Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 347/2012: yes/no ( 1 )
4.13. The type of vehicle with its advanced emergency braking system (AEBS) complies with the approval level 2
requirements in Appendix 2 to Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 347/2012: yes/no ( 1 )
5. Remarks
(if
any):
( 1 ) Delete where not applicable.

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EN
21.4.2012 Official
Journal
of
the
European
Union L
109/9
ANNEX II
Requirements and tests for the type-approval of motor vehicles with regard to AEBS
1. Requirements
1.1. General
requirements
1.1.1. Any
vehicle
covered
by
the
scope
of
this
Regulation
shall,
with
regard
to
the
AEBS
fitted,
meet
the
performance requirements set out in points 1.1 to 1.6.2 of this Annex and shall be equipped with an anti-
lock braking function in accordance with the performance requirements of Annex 13 of UNECE Regulation
No 13 ( 1 ).
1.1.2. The
effectiveness
of
the
AEBS
shall
not
be
adversely
affected
by
magnetic
or
electrical
fields.
This
shall
be
demonstrated by compliance with UNECE Regulation No 10, 03 series of amendments.
1.1.3. Conformity
with
the
safety
aspects
of
complex
electronic
control
systems
shall
be
demonstrated
by
meeting
the
requirements of Annex III.
1.2. Performance
requirements
1.2.1. The
system
shall
provide
the
driver
with
appropriate
warnings
as
described
in
points
1.2.1.1
to
1.2.1.3:
1.2.1.1. A collision warning when the AEBS has detected the possibility of a collision with a preceding vehicle of
category M, N or O in the same lane which is travelling at a slower speed, has slowed to a halt or is stationary
having not being identified as moving. The warning shall be as specified in point 1.5.1.
1.2.1.2. A failure warning when there is a failure in the AEBS that prevents the requirements of this Annex being met.
The warning shall be as specified in point 1.5.4.
1.2.1.2.1. There shall not be an appreciable time interval between each self-check by the AEBS, and subsequently there
shall not be an appreciable delay in illuminating the warning signal, in the case of an electrically detectable
failure.
1.2.1.3. A deactivation warning, if the vehicle is equipped with a means to manually deactivate the AEBS, shall be given
when the system is deactivated. This shall be as specified in point 1.4.2.
1.2.2. Subsequent
to
the
warning(s)
referred
to
in
point
1.2.1.1,
and
subject
to
the
provisions
of
points
1.3.1,
1.3.2
and 1.3.3, there shall be an emergency braking phase having the purpose of significantly decreasing the speed
of the subject vehicle. This shall be tested in accordance with points 2.4 and 2.5.
1.2.3.
The AEBS shall be active at least within the vehicle speed range of 15 km/h up to the maximum design speed
of the vehicle, and at all vehicle load, unless manually deactivated in accordance with point 1.4.
1.2.4. The
AEBS
shall
be
designed
to
minimise
the
generation
of
collision
warning
signals
and
to
avoid
autonomous
braking in situations where the driver would not recognise an impending forward collision. This shall be
demonstrated in accordance with point 2.8.
1.3. Interruption
by
the
driver
1.3.1.
The AEBS may provide the means for the driver to interrupt the collision warning phase. However, when a
vehicle braking system is used to provide a haptic warning, the system shall provide the driver with a means to
interrupt the warning braking.
1.3.2.
The AEBS shall provide the means for the driver to interrupt the emergency braking phase.
1.3.3. In
the
cases
referred
to
in
points
1.3.1
and
1.3.2,
the
interruption
may
be
initiated
by
any
positive
action
(e.g.
kick-down, operating the direction indicator control) that indicates that the driver is aware of the emergency
situation. The vehicle manufacturer shall provide a list of these positive actions to the technical service at the
time of type-approval and it shall be annexed to the test report referred to in Section II of Part 2 of Annex I.
( 1 ) The Union acceded to that UNECE Regulation by Council Decision 97/836/EC (OJ L 346, 17.12.1997, p. 78).

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1.4.
When a vehicle is equipped with a means to deactivate the AEBS function, the following conditions shall apply
as appropriate:
1.4.1.
The AEBS function shall be automatically reinstated at the initiation of each new ignition cycle.
1.4.2. A
constant
optical
warning
signal
shall
inform
the
driver
that
the
AEBS
function
has
been
deactivated.
The
yellow warning signal specified in point 1.5.4 may be used for this purpose.
1.5. Warning
indication
1.5.1. The
collision
warning
referred
to
in
point
1.2.1.1
shall
be
provided
by
at
least
two
modes
selected
from
acoustic, haptic or optical.
The timing of the warning signals shall be such that they provide the possibility for the driver to react to the
risk of collision and take control of the situation, and shall also avoid nuisance for the driver by too early or
too frequent warnings. This shall be tested in accordance with points 2.4.2 and 2.5.2.
1.5.2.
A description of the warning indication and the sequence in which the collision warning signals are presented
to the driver shall be provided by the vehicle manufacturer at the time of type-approval and recorded in the
test report.
1.5.3.
Where an optical means is used as part of the collision warning, the optical signal may be the flashing of the
failure warning signal specified in point 1.2.1.2.
1.5.4.
The failure warning referred to in point 1.2.1.2 shall be a constant yellow optical warning signal.
1.5.5. Each
AEBS
optical
warning
signal
shall
be
activated
either
when
the
ignition
(start)
switch
is
turned
to
the
‘on’
(run) position or when the ignition (start) switch is in a position between the ‘on’ (run) and ‘start’ that is
designated by the manufacturer as a check position (initial system (power-on)). This requirement does not
apply to warning signals shown in a common space.
1.5.6.
The optical warning signals shall be visible even by daylight; the satisfactory condition of the signals must be
easily verifiable by the driver from the driver’s seat.
1.5.7.
When the driver is provided with an optical warning signal to indicate that the AEBS is temporarily not
available, for example due to inclement weather conditions, the signal shall be constant and yellow in colour.
The failure warning signal specified in point 1.5.4 may be used for this purpose.
1.6. Provisions
for
the
periodic
technical
inspection
1.6.1.
At a periodic technical inspection it shall be possible to confirm the correct operational status of the AEBS by a
visible observation of the failure warning signal status, following a ‘power-ON’ and any bulb check.
In the case of the failure warning signal being in a common space, the common space must be observed to be
functional prior to the failure warning signal status check.
1.6.2.
At the time of type-approval, the means to protect against simple unauthorised modification of the operation
of the failure warning signal chosen by the manufacturer shall be confidentially outlined.
Alternatively, this protection requirement is fulfilled when a secondary means of checking the correct oper
ational status of the AEBS is available.
2. Test
procedures
2.1. Test
conditions
2.1.1. The
test
shall
be
performed
on
a
flat,
dry
concrete
or
asphalt
surface
affording
good
adhesion.
2.1.2. The
ambient
temperature
shall
be
between
0
°C
and
45
°C.
2.1.3.
The horizontal visibility range shall allow the target to be observed throughout the test.
2.1.4. The
tests
shall
be
performed
when
there
is
no
wind
liable
to
affect
the
results.

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21.4.2012 Official
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2.2. Vehicle
conditions
2.2.1. Test
weight
The vehicle shall be tested in a condition of load to be agreed between the manufacturer and the Technical
Service. No alteration shall be made once the test procedure has begun.
2.3. Test
targets
2.3.1.
The target used for the tests shall be a regular high volume series production passenger car of category M 1 AA
saloon, or alternatively a ‘soft target’ representative of such a vehicle in terms of its identification characteristics
applicable to the sensor system of the AEBS under test ( 1 ).
2.3.2.
Details that enable the target(s) to be specifically identified and reproduced shall be recorded in the vehicle
type-approval documentation, as referred to in point 4.6 of the Addendum to Section II of Part 2 of Annex I.
2.4. Warning
and
activation
test
with
a
stationary
target
2.4.1. The
subject
vehicle
shall
approach
the
stationary
target
in
a
straight
line
for
at
least
two
seconds
prior
to
the
functional part of the test with a subject vehicle to target centreline offset of not more than 0,5 m.
The functional part of the test shall start when the subject vehicle is travelling at a speed of 80 ± 2 km/h and is
at a distance of at least 120 m from the target.
From the start of the functional part until the point of collision there shall be no adjustment to any control of
the subject vehicle by the driver other than slight adjustments to the steering control to counteract any drifting.
2.4.2. The
timing
for
the
collision
warning
modes
referred
to
in
point
1.5.1
shall
comply
with
the
following:
2.4.2.1. At
least
one
haptic
or
acoustic
warning
mode
shall
be
provided
no
later
than
the
values
specified
in:
For approval level 1: Column B of the table in Appendix 1
For approval level 2: Column B of the table in Appendix 2
These values are to be achieved before the start of the emergency braking phase.
2.4.2.2. At
least
two
warning
modes
shall
be
provided
no
later
than
the
values
specified
in:
For approval level 1: Column C of the table in Appendix 1
For approval level 2: Column C of the table in Appendix 2
These values are to be achieved before the start of the emergency braking phase.
2.4.2.3. Any speed reduction during the warning phase shall not exceed either 15 km/h or 30 % of the total subject
vehicle speed reduction, whichever is higher.
2.4.3. The
collision
warning
phase
shall
be
followed
by
the
emergency
braking
phase.
2.4.4. The
emergency
braking
phase
shall
not
start
before
a
TTC
equal
to
or
less
than
3,0
seconds.
Compliance shall be verified by either actual measurement during the test or using documentation provided by
the vehicle manufacturer, as agreed between the Technical Service and the vehicle manufacturer.
2.4.5.
The total speed reduction of the subject vehicle at the time of the impact with the stationary target shall be not
less than the value specified in:
For approval level 1: Column D of the table in Appendix 1
For approval level 2: Column D of the table in Appendix 2
2.5. Warning
and
activation
test
with
a
moving
target
( 1 ) The identification characteristics of the soft target shall be agreed upon between the Technical Service and the vehicle manufacturer as
being equivalent to a passenger car of category M 1 AA saloon.

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Official Journal of the European Union
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2.5.1.
The subject vehicle and the moving target shall travel in a straight line, in the same direction, for at least two
seconds prior to the functional part of the test, with a subject vehicle to target centreline offset of not more
than 0,5 m.
The functional part of the test shall start with the subject vehicle travelling at a speed of 80 ± 2 km/h, and the
moving target at a speed of the value specified in:
For approval level 1: Column H of the table in Appendix 1
For approval level 2: Column H of the table in Appendix 2
The separation distance between the subject vehicle and the moving target shall be at least 120 m.
From the start of the functional part of the test until the subject vehicle comes to a speed equal to that of the
target there shall be no adjustment to any subject vehicle control by the driver other than slight steering
adjustments to counteract any drifting.
2.5.2. The
timing
for
the
collision
warning
modes
referred
to
in
point
1.5.1
shall
comply
with
the
following:
2.5.2.1. At
least
one
haptic
or
acoustic
warning
mode
shall
be
provided
no
later
than
the
value
specified
in:
For approval level 1: Column E of the table in Appendix 1
For approval level 2: Column E of the table in Appendix 2
These values are to be achieved before the start of the emergency braking phase.
2.5.2.2. At
least
two
warning
modes
shall
be
provided
no
later
than
the
value
specified
in:
For approval level 1: Column F of the table in Appendix 1
For approval level 2: Column F of the table in Appendix 2
These values are to be achieved before the start of the emergency braking phase.
2.5.2.3. Any speed reduction during the warning phase shall not exceed either 15 km/h or 30 % of the total subject
vehicle speed reduction, whichever is higher.
2.5.3.
The collision warning phase shall be followed by the emergency braking phase, which shall result in the subject
vehicle not impacting the moving target.
2.5.4. The
emergency
braking
phase
shall
not
start
before
a
TTC
equal
to
or
less
than
3,0
seconds.
Compliance shall be verified by either actual measurement during the test or using documentation provided by
the vehicle manufacturer, as agreed between the Technical Service and the vehicle manufacturer.
2.6. Failure
detection
test
2.6.1. Simulate
an
electrical
failure,
for
example
by
disconnecting
the
power
source
to
any
AEBS
component
or
disconnecting any electrical connection between AEBS components. When simulating an AEBS failure, neither
the electrical connections for the driver warning signal referred to in point 1.5.4 nor the optional manual AEBS
deactivation control referred to in point 1.4 shall be disconnected.
2.6.2. The
failure
warning
signal
referred
to
in
point
1.5.4
shall
be
activated
and
remain
activated
not
later
than
10
seconds after the vehicle has been driven at a speed greater than 15 km/h and be reactivated immediately after
a subsequent ignition ‘off’ ignition ‘on’ cycle with the vehicle stationary as long as the simulated failure exists.
2.7. Deactivation
test
2.7.1.
For vehicles equipped with means to deactivate the AEBS, turn the ignition (start) switch to the ‘on’ (run)
position and deactivate the AEBS. The warning signal referred to in point 1.4.2 shall be activated. Turn the
ignition (start) switch to the ‘off’ position. Again, turn the ignition (start) switch to the ‘on’ (run) position and
verify that the previously activated warning signal is not reactivated, thereby indicating that the AEBS has been
reinstated as specified in point 1.4.1. If the ignition system is activated by means of a ‘key’, that requirement
shall be fulfilled without removing the key.

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21.4.2012 Official
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2.8. False
reaction
test
2.8.1. Two
stationary
vehicles,
of
category
M 1 AA saloon, shall be positioned:
(a) so as to face in the same direction of travel as the subject vehicle;
(b) with a distance of 4,5 m between them ( 1 );
(c) with the rear of each vehicle aligned with the other.
2.8.2.
The subject vehicle shall travel for a distance of at least 60 m, at a constant speed of 50 ± 2 km/h to pass
centrally between the two stationary vehicles.
During the test there shall be no adjustment of any subject vehicle control other than slight steering
adjustments to counteract any drifting.
2.8.3.
The AEBS shall not provide a collision warning and shall not initiate the emergency braking phase.
( 1 ) The point of reference of each stationary vehicle for establishing the distance between the two stationary vehicles, shall be determined
in accordance with ISO 612: 1978.

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L 109/14
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Official Journal of the European Union
21.4.2012
Appendix 1
Approval level 1: warning and activation test requirements — pass/fail values
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Stationary target Moving
target
Timing of warning modes
Timing of warning modes
Vehicle category
Speed reduction of
Speed reduction of
subject vehicle
subject vehicle
Target speed
At least 1 haptic or
acoustic
At least 2
At least 1 haptic or
acoustic
At least 2
(ref. point 2.4.2.1) (ref.
point
2.4.2.2) (ref.
point
2.4.5) (ref.
point
2.5.2.1) (ref.
point
2.5.2.2) (ref.
point
2.5.3) (ref.
point
2.5.1)
M 3 , N 3 and N 2 > Not later than Not later than Not less than
Not later than
Not later than
Subject vehicle
32 ± 2 km/h
8 t (equipped
1,4 s before
0,8 s before
10 km/h
1,4 s before
0,8 s before
shall not impact
with pneumatic
start of
start of
start of
start of
with the
or air over
emergency
emergency
emergency
emergency
moving target
hydraulic braking braking phase
braking phase
braking phase
braking phase
systems and with
pneumatic rear
axle suspension
systems)
Appendix 2
Approval level 2: warning and activation test requirements — pass/fail values
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Stationary target Moving
target
Timing of warning modes
Timing of warning modes
Vehicle category
Speed reduction of
Speed reduction of
subject vehicle
subject vehicle
Target speed
At least 1 haptic or
acoustic
At least 2
At least 1 haptic or
acoustic
At least 2
(ref. point 2.4.2.1) (ref.
point
2.4.2.2) (ref.
point
2.4.5) (ref.
point
2.5.2.1) (ref.
point
2.5.2.2) (ref.
point
2.5.3) (ref.
point
2.5.1)
M 3 , N 3 and N 2 > Not later than Not later than Not less than
Not later than
Not later than
Subject vehicle
12 ± 2 km/h
8 t ( 1 )
1,4 s before
0,8 s before
20 km/h
1,4 s before
0,8 s before
shall not impact
start of
start of
start of
start of
with the
emergency
emergency
emergency
emergency
moving target
braking phase
braking phase
braking phase
braking phase
N 2 ≤ 8 t and
( 3 )
( 3 )
( 3 )
( 3 )
( 3 )
( 3 )
( 3 )
M 2 ( 2 )
( 1 ) Vehicles of category M 3 with hydraulic braking system are subject to the requirements of the second row.
( 2 ) Vehicles with pneumatic braking system are subject to the requirements of the first row.
( 3 ) Values to be specified in accordance with Article 5.

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EN
21.4.2012 Official
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European
Union L
109/15
ANNEX III
Special requirements to be applied to the safety aspects of complex electronic vehicle control systems
1. General
This Annex defines the special requirements for documentation, fault strategy and verification with respect to the
safety aspects of complex electronic vehicle control systems for the purposes of this Regulation.
This Annex may also be applied for safety related functions which are controlled by electronic system(s).
This Annex does not specify the performance criteria for complex electronic vehicles control systems but covers
the methodology applied to the design process and the information which must be disclosed to the technical
service for type-approval purposes.
That information shall show that a complex electronic vehicle control system respects, under normal and fault
conditions, all the appropriate performance requirements set out in this Regulation.
2. Definitions
For the purposes of this Annex, the following definitions shall apply:
2.1. ‘Safety concept’ means a description of the measures designed into the system, for example within the electronic
units, so as to address system integrity and thereby ensure safe operation even in the event of an electrical failure.
The possibility of a fall-back to partial operation or even to a back-up system for vital vehicle functions may be a
part of the safety concept.
2.2. ‘Electronic control system’ means a combination of units, designed to co-operate in the production of the stated
vehicle control function by electronic data processing.
Such systems, often controlled by software, are built from discrete functional components such as sensors,
electronic control units and actuators and connected by transmission links. They may include mechanical,
electro-pneumatic or electro-hydraulic elements.
2.3. ‘Complex electronic vehicle control systems’ mean those electronic control systems which are subject to a hierarchy of
control in which a controlled function may be over-ridden by a higher level electronic control system/function.
2.4. ‘Higher-level control systems/functions’ mean those systems/functions which employ additional processing and/or
sensing provisions to modify vehicle behaviour by commanding variations in the normal function(s) of the
vehicle control system.
This allows complex systems to automatically change their objectives with a priority which depends on the
sensed circumstances.
2.5. ‘Units’ mean the smallest divisions of system components covered by this Annex: those combinations of
components will be treated as single entities for purposes of identification, analysis or replacement.
2.6. ‘Transmission links’ mean the means used for inter-connecting distributed units for the purpose of conveying
signals, operating data or an energy supply.
This equipment is generally electrical but may, in some part, be mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or optical.
2.7. ‘Range of control’ means an output variable corresponding to the range over which the system is likely to exercise
control.
2.8. ‘Boundary of functional operation’ means the boundaries of the external physical limits within which the system is
able to maintain control.
3. Documentation
3.1. Requirements
The manufacturer shall provide a documentation package which gives access to the basic design of the complex
electronic vehicle control system for which type-approval is applied (hereinafter referred to as ‘the System’) and
the means by which it is linked to other vehicle systems or by which it directly controls output variables.
The function(s) of ‘the System’ and the safety concept, as laid down by the manufacturer, shall be explained.
Documentation shall be brief, yet provide evidence that the design and development has had the benefit of
expertise from all the system fields which are involved.

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For periodic technical inspections, the documentation shall describe how the current operational status of ‘the
System’ can be checked.
3.1.1. Documentation
shall
be
made
available
in
the
following
two
parts:
(a) the formal documentation package for the approval, containing the material listed in Section 3 (with the
exception of that of point 3.4.4) which shall be supplied to the technical service at the time of submission of
the type-approval application. This will be taken as the basic reference for the verification process set out in
point 4;
(b) additional material and analysis data referred to in point 3.4.4, which shall be retained by the manufacturer,
but made open for inspection at the time of type-approval.
3.2.
Description of the functions of ‘the System’
A description shall be provided which gives a simple explanation of all the control functions of ‘the System’ and
the methods employed to achieve the objectives, including a statement of the mechanism(s) by which control is
exercised.
3.2.1. A list of all input and sensed variables shall be provided and the working range of these defined.
3.2.2. A list of all output variables which are controlled by ‘the System’ shall be provided and an indication given, in
each case, of whether the control is direct or via another vehicle system. The range of control exercised on each
such variable shall be defined.
3.2.3. Limits
defining
the
boundaries
of
functional
operation
shall
be
stated
where
appropriate
to
system
performance.
3.3. System
layout
and
schematics
3.3.1. Inventory
of
components
A list shall be provided, collating all the units of ‘the System’ and mentioning the other vehicle systems which are
needed to achieve the control function in question.
An outline schematic showing those units in combination shall be provided with both the equipment
distribution and the interconnections made clear.
3.3.2. Functions
of
the
units
The function of each unit of ‘the System’ shall be outlined and the signals linking it with other units or with
other vehicle systems shall be shown. This may be provided by a labelled block diagram or other schematic, or
by a description aided by such a diagram.
3.3.3. Interconnections
Interconnections within ‘the System’ shall be shown by a circuit diagram for the electric transmission links, by an
optical-fibre diagram for optical links, by a piping diagram for pneumatic or hydraulic transmission equipment
and by a simplified diagrammatic layout for mechanical linkages.
3.3.4. Signal
flow
and
priorities
There shall be a clear correspondence between these transmission links and the signals carried between units.
Priorities of signals on multiplexed data paths shall be stated wherever priority may be an issue affecting
performance or safety for the purpose of this Regulation.
3.3.5. Identification
of
units
Each unit shall be clearly and unambiguously identifiable (e.g. by marking for hardware and marking or software
output for software content) to provide corresponding hardware and documentation association.
Where functions are combined within a single unit or within a single computer, but shown in multiple blocks in
the block diagram for clarity and ease of explanation, only a single hardware identification marking shall be used.
The manufacturer shall, by the use of this identification, affirm that the equipment supplied conforms to the
corresponding document.
3.3.5.1. The identification defines the hardware and software version and, where the latter changes such as to alter the
function of the unit for the purpose of this Regulation, this identification shall also be changed.
3.4. Safety
concept
of
the
manufacturer

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3.4.1. The
manufacturer
shall
provide
a
statement
which
affirms
that
the
strategy
chosen
to
achieve
‘the
System’
objectives will not, under non-fault conditions, prejudice the safe operation of systems which are subject to
the provisions of this Regulation.
3.4.2. In respect of software used in ‘the System’, the outline architecture shall be explained and the design methods
and tools used shall be identified. The manufacturer shall be prepared, if required, to show evidence of the means
by which the realisation of the system logic has been determined during the design and development process.
3.4.3. The manufacturer shall provide the technical authorities with an explanation of the design provisions built into
‘the System’ so as to generate safe operation under fault conditions. Possible design provisions for failure in ‘the
System’ are for example:
(a) fall-back to operation using a partial system;
(b) change-over to a separate back-up system;
(c) removal of the high level function.
In case of a failure, the driver shall be warned for example by warning signal or message display. When the
system is not deactivated by the driver, e.g. by turning the ignition (run) switch to ‘off’, or by switching off that
particular function if a special switch is provided for that purpose, the warning shall be present as long as the
fault condition persists.
3.4.3.1. If the chosen provision selects a partial performance mode of operation under certain fault conditions, then those
conditions shall be stated and the resulting limits of effectiveness defined.
3.4.3.2. If the chosen provision selects a second (back-up) means to realise the vehicle control system objective, the
principles of the change-over mechanism, the logic and level of redundancy and any built in back-up checking
features shall be explained and the resulting limits of back-up effectiveness defined.
3.4.3.3. If the chosen provision selects the removal of the higher level function, all the corresponding output control
signals associated with this function shall be inhibited, and in such a manner as to limit the transition
disturbance.
3.4.4. The documentation shall be supported, by an analysis which shows, in overall terms, how the system will behave
on the occurrence of any one of those specified faults which will have a bearing on vehicle control performance
or safety.
This may be based on a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), a Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) or any similar
process appropriate to system safety considerations.
The chosen analytical approach(es) shall be established and maintained by the manufacturer and shall be made
open for inspection by the technical service at the time of the type-approval.
3.4.4.1. This documentation shall itemise the parameters being monitored and shall set out, for each fault condition of
the type referred to in point 3.4.4, the warning signal to be given to the driver and/or to service/technical
inspection personnel.
4. Verification
and
Test
4.1.
The functional operation of ‘the System’, as laid out in the documents required in point 3, shall be tested as
follows:
4.1.1. Verification of the function of ‘the System’
As the means of establishing the normal operational levels, verification of the performance of the vehicle system
under non-fault conditions shall be conducted against the manufacturer’s basic benchmark specification unless
this is subject to a specified performance test as part of the approval procedure set out in this Regulation.
4.1.2. Verification
of
the
safety
concept
referred
to
in
point
3.4
The reaction of ‘the System’ shall, at the discretion of the approval authority, be checked under the influence of a
failure in any individual unit by applying corresponding output signals to electrical units or mechanical elements
in order to simulate the effects of internal faults within the unit.
The verification results shall correspond with the documented summary of the failure analysis, to a level of
overall effect such that the safety concept and execution are confirmed as being adequate.

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